Electromagnetism S4 Physics Notes

These Senior 4 Physics notes cover electromagnetism. They start with the magnetic field patterns around straight wires, coils and solenoids, and explain the right hand grip rule. They then describe how electromagnets work and where they are used, including the electric bell, telephone receiver and magnetic relay. Next comes the force on a current-carrying conductor, with Fleming's left hand rule, the loudspeaker, the d.c. motor and the moving coil galvanometer. Worked examples show how to convert a galvanometer into an ammeter or voltmeter using shunts and multipliers. The notes end with electromagnetic induction, Faraday's and Lenz's laws, and generators. Practice questions and exercises are included.