P.5 FRACTIONS

Parts of fractions For a mixed number, e.g.710 4 3 Numerator 8 proper fraction e.g. 3 2) Improper fraction: These are fractions with the numerator is greater than the denominator e.g. 2 7 , 10 14 , 9 17 1 2 1 , 3 2 1 , 7 5 3 Equivalent fraction These are fractions which have the same value but having different numerators and denominator. Equivalent fractions form the same fraction when expressed in their lowest terms. Denominator Division bar The top number is called the numerator. The bottom number is called the denominator P.5 THEME: NUMERACY TOPIC: FRACTIONS A fraction is a part of a whole.eg. Shaded fraction 4 3 3) Mixed numbers: These are fractions with both the whole number and a 7 is a whole number. 8 is a numerator. 10 is a denominator Types of fractions 1) Proper fractions: These are fractions with the numerator is less than the denominator e.g. 5 1 , 10 1 , 9 3 Unshaded fractions 4 1 1 12 c) 1 10 c) 4 21 , 8 12 6 2×3 28 14 2×3 a) 3 2 = 2×2 7 2 9 , 1 8 3×4 = 20 7×3 = 6 3×2 = 4 Find the GCF of 12 and 18 GCF = 6 REDUCING FRACTIONS Fractions are reduced using common (GCF). However, any common factor can be used to reduce fractions to their simplest form. Examples 9 d) 3 7 = 4 2 3 = 5×2 6, 6 1. Reduce 18 12 to its simplest form. 28 3×2 = 10 9 2×4 5 b) 1 7×4 = 8 3×3 = 15 7×2 = 4 1 We find equivalent fractions by multiplying both a numerator and a denominator by the same counting number apart from one. Finding equivalent fractions Examples Write the next 3 equivalent fract