Senior 5 Chemistry: Azeotropic Mixtures by Ssegujja Benard

These notes introduce azeotropic mixtures through a boiling point–composition example and explain why their vapour and liquid have the same composition at boiling. They describe constant boiling behaviour at fixed pressure, discuss changes in composition with pressure and explain the limitations of fractional distillation. Comparisons with pure substances highlight similarities and differences. The resource also presents separation approaches involving a third component, absorption, chemical treatment and molecular sieves, using ethanol and water as the main example. The material is attributed to Ssegujja Benard and carries Trinity College Nabbingo’s copyright notice.