S2 History: Organisation of Long-Distance Trade

These notes by Nangoma Druscilla of Trinity College Nabbingo describe how long-distance trade operated in East and Central Africa. They explain the organisation of caravans, the roles of porters and other participants, and the goods exchanged, including ivory and enslaved people. The material also covers barter and cowrie shells, Kiswahili as a shared language, financing, transport, security and taxation. It outlines the northern, central, southern and Nile Valley routes, identifying trading centres and groups associated with them. A sketch map accompanies the discussion of trade routes.